KHASIAT SAFFRON - 76 KHASIAT

1.   Sayidina Ali pernah menyatakan: " Sesiapa mengambil sebahagian za'faran dan su' di satu bahagian dicampur dengan madu, diminum sebanyak dua sudu pada setiap hari, maka ia dikagumi tentang ingatannya, sehingga dituduh melakukan sihir " http://jafriab.blogspot.com/2009/10/makanan-berkhasiat-untuk-minda.html

Secara ringkas berdasarkan tinjaun di internet khasiat saffron adalah baik untuk merawat penyakit – penyakit seperti berikut:

1. Anemia
2. Angin dan asid -  Membuang angin dan asid yang berkumpul dalam perut
3. Angin pasang surut
4. Anti-Alzheimer (nyanyuk)
5. Anti-Convulsion
6. Antiflatulence
7. Anti-Parkinson
8. Anti-Spasm (kejang)
9. Asma (Lelah)
10. Baik Untuk Tumpuan Perhatian
11. Batu karang
12. Batuk
13. Bengkak dan rheumatic sebagai ubatan luar
14. Bisul
15. Buah pinggang
16. Buang toxic dalam badan
17. Cirit-birit
18. Darah tinggi
19. Demam
20. Demam Campak
21. Diabetis/ kencing manis
22. Dysentery
23. Gila babi atau sawan
24. Gout
25. Hepatitis A dan B (Bengkak hati)
26. Insomnia
27. Jantung
28. Jerawat atau penyakit kulit yang lain, Jerawat @ resdung Beguk @ tiriod
29.  Kanak-kanak ketika tumbuh gigi -  Mengurangkan kesakitan
30. Kanser – rawatan dan pencegahan
31. Kebas & Sakit Tumit
32. Keletihan
33. kemurungan & runsing -  Bahan penenang
34. Kencing tidak lawas , Kanak—kanak Kencing malam
35. Kesuburan Edaran haid / Menguatkan Peranakan Permasalahan wanita
36. Kulit bermasalah, Kudis
37. kulit cerah dan bersih - Awet muda
38. Limpa – Masalah Limpa
39. Lumpuh
40. Melancarkan Darah
41. Melancarkan perjalanan haid yang tidak menentu
42. Melicinkan kulit dan membuatkan kulit cerah
43. Membantu mencegah ketumbuhan
44. Memperkuatkan organ dalaman
45. Memperkuatkan perjalanan darah
46. Mengawal Darah Tinggi dan Kolestrol
47. Menghilangkannya Bau Mulut
48. Menguatkan Dinding Arteri dan Heart Flourishin
49. Menguatkan Ingatan
50. Menguatkan Tenaga Zahir dan Batin
51. Mengurangkan ketagihan rokok
52. Mengurangkan risiko Serangan Jantung
53. Merawat masalah ketidaksuburan dan menguatkan rahim (selepas bersalin)
54. Parkinson
55. Patah@retak tulang atau Kecederaan dalaman Merawat luka-luka kecil
56. Pengaliran darah dapat ditingkatkan pada retina mata
57. Pengedaran darah
58. Penyakit Saraf
59. Pertumbuhan akal dan fizikal bayi serta kanak-kanak
60. Radang paru-paru
61. Retina - Ketidakstabilan didalam retina yang disebabkan penuaan
62. Retinopathy Ischematis
63. Sakit gigi
64. Sakit kepala atau migrane …Baik untuk sakit kepala bila ditampal di kepala
65. Sakit mata
66. Sakit Perut, Pencerna makanan / Proses Penghadaman, Mengempiskan perut
67. Sakit pinggang selepas bersalin
68. Sakit Sendi
69. Sakit tekak dan tonsil
70. Salur pundi kencing yang berkuman
71. Selera Makan
72.  Selsema
73. Sembelit@buasir
74. Senggugut
75. Splenomegaly
76. Terkena ekzos motor@besi@air panas

RUJUKAN MENGENAI SAFFRON DI INTERNET:

1.   Peniaga saffron : http://airzafaran.blogspot.com/

2.   Wikipedia Indonesia: http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuma-kuma

3.   Gernot Katzer Spices Pages http://www.uni-graz.at/~katzer/engl/Croc_sat.html

• Australian Broadcasting Corporation (2003), "Kashmiri saffron producers see red over Iranian imports", Australian Broadcasting Corporation[10 Januari 2006].
• Abdullaev, FI (2002), "Cancer chemopreventive and tumoricidal properties of saffron (Crocus sativus L.)", Experimental Biology and Medicine, vol. 227, no. 1[10 Januari 2006]. PMID 11788779
• Assimopoulou, AN,Papageorgiou, VP& Sinakos, Z (2005), "Radical scavenging activity of Crocus sativus L. extract and its bioactive constituents", Phytotherapy Research, vol. 19, no. 11. PMID 16317646
• Chang, PY,Kuo, W, Liang, CT& Wang, CK (1964), "The pharmacological action of 藏红花 (zà hóng huā – Crocus sativus L.): effect on the uterus and/or estrous cycle", Yao Hsueh Hsueh Pao, vol. 11.
• Courtney, P (2002), "Tasmania's Saffron Gold", Landline (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)[10 Januari 2006].
• Dalby, A (2002), Dangerous Tastes: The Story of Spices, University of California Press, ISBN 0-520-23674-2[10 Januari 2006].
• Dalby, A (2003), Food in the Ancient World from A to Z, Routledge (UK), ISBN 0-415-23259-7.
• Darling Biomedical Library (2002), "Saffron", Darling Biomedical Library (UCLA)[10 Januari 2006].
• Davies, NW,Gregory, MJ& Menary, RC (2005), "Effect of drying temperature and air flow on the production and retention of secondary metabolites in saffron", Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry., vol. 53, no. 15. PMID 16028982
• Deo, B (2003), "Growing Saffron – The World's Most Expensive Spice", Crop & Food Research (New Zealand Institute for Crop & Food Research), no. 20[10 Januari 2006].
• Dharmananda, S (2005), "Saffron: An Anti-Depressant Herb", Institute for Traditional Medicine[10 Januari 2006].
• DPIWE (Tasmanian Department of Primary Industries, Water and Environment) (2005), "Emerging and Other Fruit and Floriculture: Saffron", Food & Agriculture[10 Januari 2006].
• Ferrence, SC (2004), "Therapy with saffron and the Goddess at Thera", Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, vol. 47, no. 2. PMID 15259204
• Fotedar, S (1998-1999), "Cultural Heritage of India – Kashmiri Pandit Contribution", Vitasta (Kashmir Sabha), vol. XXXII, no. 1[25 Desember 2006].
• Goyns, MH (1999), Saffron, Taylor & Francis, ISBN 90-5702-394-6[10 Januari, 2006].
• Grieve, M (1931): A modern herbal, Chapter Saffron. London, Jonathan Cape.
• Grigg, DB (1974), The Agricultural Systems of the World, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-09843-2[10 Januari 2006].
• Harper, D (2001), "Saffron", Online Etymology Dictionary[10 Januari 2006].

• Hasegawa, JH,Kurumboor, SK& Nair, SC (1995), "Saffron chemoprevention in biology and medicine: a review", Cancer Biotherapy, vol. 10, no. 4. PMID 8590890
• Hayes, AW (2001), Principles and Methods of Toxicology, Taylor & Francis, ISBN 1-56032-814-2.
• Hill, T (2004), The Contemporary Encyclopedia of Herbs and Spices: Seasonings for the Global Kitchen, Wiley, ISBN 0-471-21423-X.
• Honan, WH (2004), "Researchers Rewrite First Chapter for the History of Medicine", The New York Times[10 Januari 2006].
• Humphries, J (1998), The Essential Saffron Companion, Ten Speed Press, ISBN 1-58008-024-3.
• Hussain, A (2005), "Saffron Industry in Deep Distress", BBC News[10 Januari 2006].
• Jessie, SW&Krishnakantha, TP (2005), "Inhibition of human platelet aggregation and membrane lipid peroxidation by food spice, saffron", Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, vol. 278, no. 1–2. PMID 16180089
• Katzer, G (2001), "Saffron (Crocus sativus L.)", Gernot Katzer's Spice Pages[10 Januari 2006].
• Lak, D (1998), "Kashmiris Pin Hopes on Saffron", BBC News[10 Januari 2006].
• Lak, D (1998b), "Gathering Kashmir's Saffron", BBC News[10 Januari 2006].
• Leffingwell, JC (2002), "Saffron", Leffingwell Reports, vol. 2, no. 5[10 Januari 2006].
• McGann, K (2003), "What the Irish Wore: A Few Arguments on the Subject of Saffron", Reconstructing History[10 Januari 2006].
• McGee, H (2004), On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen, Scribner, ISBN 0-684-80001-2[10 Januari 2006].
• Nair, SC,Pannikar, B& Panikkar, KR (1991), "Antitumour activity of saffron (Crocus sativus).", Cancer Letters, vol. 57, no. 2. PMID 2025883
• Park, JB (2005), "Saffron", USDA Phytochemical Database[10 Januari 2006].
• Pearce, F (2005), "Returning war-torn farmland to productivity", New Scientist[10 Januari 2006].
• Rau, SR (1969), The Cooking of India, Time Life Education, ISBN 0-8094-0069-3
• Shen-Nong Limited (2005), "Qin Dynasty 221–207 B.C.", Shen-Nong[1 April 2006].
• Tarvand Saffron (2005), "What is Saffron?", Tarvand Saffron Company[10 Januari 2006].
• Tarvand Saffron (2005b), "Grading and Classification", Tarvand Saffron Company[10 Januari 2006].
• Willard, P (2001), Secrets of Saffron: The Vagabond Life of the World's Most Seductive Spice, Beacon Press, ISBN 0-8070-5008-3[10 Januari 2006].

Books

• Bailes, M. (1995), The Healing Garden, Kangaroo Press (published February 1995), ISBN 978-0864176363 
• Dalby, A. (2002), Dangerous Tastes: The Story of Spices (1st ed.), University of California Press (published 7 October 2002), ISBN 978-0520236745, http://books.google.com/?id=7IHcZ21dyjwC 
• Dalby, A. (2003), Food in the Ancient World from A to Z, Routledge (published 18 June 2003), ISBN 978-0415232593 
• Finlay, V. (2003), Colour: A Natural History of the Palette, Random House (published 30 December 2003), ISBN 978-0812971422 
• Fletcher, N. (2005), Charlemagne's Tablecloth: A Piquant History of Feasting (1st ed.), Saint Martin's Press (published 28 July 2005), ISBN 978-0312340681 
• Grigg, D. B. (1974), The Agricultural Systems of the World (1st ed.), Cambridge University Press (published 29 November 1974), ISBN 978-0521098434 
• Hayes, A. W. (2001), Principles and Methods of Toxicology (4th ed.), Taylor and Francis (published 11 January 2001), ISBN 978-1560328148 
• Hill, T. (2004), The Contemporary Encyclopedia of Herbs and Spices: Seasonings for the Global Kitchen (1st ed.), Wiley (published 10 September 2004), ISBN 978-0471214236 
• Humphries, J. (1998), The Essential Saffron Companion, Ten Speed Press (published 1 August 1998), ISBN 978-1580080248 
• Kafi, M. (editor); Koocheki, A. (editor); Rashed, M. H. (editor); Nassiri, M. (editor) (2006), Saffron (Crocus sativus) Production and Processing (1st ed.), Science Publishers (published 4 January 2006), ISBN 978-1578084272, http://books.google.com/books?id=kO8prjfiiCEC 
• Kumar, V. (2006), The Secret Benefits of Spices and Condiments, Sterling Publishers (published 1 March 2006), ISBN 978-1845575854, http://books.google.com/books?id=AaTpWEIlgNwC 
• Hanelt, P. (editor) (2001), Mansfeld's Encyclopedia of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops (1st ed.), Springer (published 10 April 2001), ISBN 978-3540410171, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=10IMFSavIMsC 
• Marx, F. (translator) (1989), Celsus: De Medicina, Loeb Classical Library, L292, Harvard University Press (published 1 July 1989), ISBN 978-0674993228, http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Celsus/home.html, retrieved 15 September 2011 
• McGee, H. (2004), On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen, Scribner (published 16 November 2004), ISBN 978-0684800011, http://books.google.com/?id=iX05JaZXRz0C 
• Negbi, M. (editor) (1999), Saffron: Crocus sativus L., CRC Press (published 23 June 1999), ISBN 978-9057023941, http://books.google.com/?id=l-QJaUp31T4C 
• Rau, S. R. (1969), The Cooking of India, Foods of the World, Time-Life Books (published June 1969), ISBN 978-0809400690 
• Russo, E.; Dreher, M. C.; Mathre, M. L. (2003), Women and Cannabis: Medicine, Science, and Sociology (1st ed.), Psychology Press (published March 2003), ISBN 978-0789021014 
• Willard, P. (2002), Secrets of Saffron: The Vagabond Life of the World's Most Seductive Spice, Beacon Press (published 11 April 2002), ISBN 978-0807050095

Journal articles

• Abdullaev, F. I. (2002), "Cancer Chemopreventive and Tumoricidal Properties of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.)", Experimental Biology and Medicine 227 (1), PMID 11788779, http://www.ebmonline.org/cgi/content/full/227/1/20, retrieved 11 September 2011 
• Agha-Hosseini, M.; Kashani, L.; Aleyaseen, A.; Ghoreishi, A.; Rahmanpour, H.; Zarrinara, A. R.; Akhondzadeh, S. (2008), "Crocus sativus L. (Saffron) in the Treatment of Premenstrual Syndrome: A Double-Blind, Randomised, and Placebo-Controlled Trial", BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 115 (4): 515–519, March 2008, doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2007.01652.x, PMID 18271889 
• Akhondzadeh, S.; Sabet, M. S.; Harirchian, M. H.; Togha, M.; Cheraghmakani, H.; Razeghi, S.; Hejazi, S. S.; Yousefi, M.H. et al. (2010), "Saffron in the Treatment of Patients with Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease: A 16-week, Randomised, and Placebo-Controlled Trial", Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics 35 (5): 581–588, October 2010, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2009.01133.x, PMID 20831681 
• Assimopoulou, A. N.; Papageorgiou, V. P.; Sinakos, Z. (2005), "Radical Scavenging Activity of Crocus sativus L. Extract and Its Bioactive Constituents", Phytotherapy Research 19 (11), PMID 16317646 
• Boskabady, M. H.; Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar, M.; Nemati, H.; Esmaeilzadeh, M. (2010), "Inhibitory Effect of Crocus sativus (Saffron) on Histamine (H1) Receptors of Guinea Pig Tracheal Chains", Die Pharmazie 65 (4): 300–305, April 2010, PMID 20432629 
• Caiola, M. G. (2003), "Saffron Reproductive Biology", Acta Horticulturae (ISHS) 650: 25–37 
• Chang, P. Y.; Kuo, W.; Liang, C. T.; Wang, C. K. (1964), "The Pharmacological Action of 藏红花 (Zà Hóng Huā—Crocus sativus L.): Effect on the Uterus and Estrous Cycle", Yao Hsueh Hsueh Pao 11 
• Chryssanthi, D. G.; Dedes, P. G.; Karamanos, N. K.; Cordopatis, P.; Lamari, F. N. (2011), "Crocetin Inhibits Invasiveness of MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells via Downregulation of Matrix Metalloproteinases", Planta Medica 77 (2): 146–151, January 2011, doi:10.1055/s-0030-1250178, PMID 20803418 
• Das, I.; Das, S.; Saha, T. (2010), "Saffron Suppresses Oxidative Stress in DMBA-Induced Skin Carcinoma: A Histopathological Study", Acta Histochemica 112 (4): 317–327, July 2010, doi:10.1016/j.acthis.2009.02.003, PMID 19328523 
• Davies, N. W.; Gregory, M. J.; Menary, R. C. (2005), "Effect of Drying Temperature and Air Flow on the Production and Retention of Secondary Metabolites in Saffron", Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 53 (15): 5969–5975, doi:10.1021/jf047989j, PMID 16028982 
• Deo, B. (2003), "Growing Saffron—The World's Most Expensive Spice", Crop and Food Research (New Zealand Institute for Crop and Food Research) (20), archived from the original on 27 December 2005, http://web.archive.org/web/20051227004245/http://www.crop.cri.nz/home/products-services/publications/broadsheets/020Saffron.pdf, retrieved 10 January 2006 
• Dharmananda, S. (2005), "Saffron: An Anti-Depressant Herb", Institute for Traditional Medicine, archived from the original on 26 September 2006, http://web.archive.org/web/20060926130959/http://www.itmonline.org/arts/saffron.htm, retrieved 10 January 2006 
• Ferrence, S. C.; Bendersky, G. (2004), "Therapy with Saffron and the Goddess at Thera", Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 47 (2): 199–226, doi:10.1353/pbm.2004.0026, PMID 15259204 
• Ghorbani, M. (2008), "The Efficiency of Saffron's Marketing Channel in Iran", World Applied Sciences Journal 4 (4): 523–527, ISSN 1818-4952, http://www.idosi.org/wasj/wasj4%284%29/7.pdf, retrieved 3 October 2011 
• Gout, B.; Bourges, C.; Paineau-Dubreuil, S. (2010), "Satiereal, a Crocus sativus L. Extract, Reduces Snacking and Increases Satiety in a Randomised Placebo-Controlled Study of Mildly Overweight, Healthy Women", Nutrition Research 30 (5): 305–313, May 2010, doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2010.04.008, PMID 20579522 
• Gutheil, W. G.; Reed, G.; Ray, A.; Dhar, A. (2011), "Crocetin: An Agent Derived from Saffron for Prevention and Therapy for Cancer", Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 5 April 2011, PMID 21466430 
• Hasegawa, J. H.; Kurumboor, S. K.; Nair, S. C. (1995), "Saffron Chemoprevention in Biology and Medicine: A Review", Cancer Biotherapy 10 (4), PMID 8590890 
• Hosseinzadeh, H.; Karimi, G.; Niapoor, M. (2004), "Antidepressant Effect of Crocus sativus L. Stigma Extracts and Their Constituents, Crocin and Safranal, In Mice", Acta Horticulturae (International Society for Horticultural Science) (650): 435–445, http://www.actahort.org/books/650/650_54.htm, retrieved 23 November 2009 
• Jessie, S. W.; Krishnakantha, T. P. (2005), "Inhibition of Human Platelet Aggregation and Membrane Lipid Peroxidation by Saffron", Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 278 (1–2): 59–63, doi:10.1007/s11010-005-5155-9, PMID 16180089 
• Joukar, S.; Najafipour, H.; Khaksari, M.; Sepehri, G.; Shahrokhi, N.; Dabiri, S.; Gholamhoseinian, A.; Hasanzadeh, S. (2010), "The Effect of Saffron Consumption on Biochemical and Histopathological Heart Indices of Rats with Myocardial Infarction", Cardiovascular Toxicology 10 (1): 66–71, March 2010, doi:10.1007/s12012-010-9063-1, PMID 20119744 
• Kianbakht, S.; Ghazavi, A. (2011), "Immunomodulatory Effects of Saffron: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial", Phytotherapy Research, 8 April 2011, doi:10.1002/ptr.3484, PMID 21480412 
• Moghaddasi, M. S. (2010), "Saffron Chemicals and Medicine Usage" (PDF), Journal of Medicinal Plant Research 4 (6): 427–430, 18 March 2010, http://www.academicjournals.org/jmpr/PDF/pdf2010/18Mar/Moghaddasi.pdf, retrieved 30 September 2011 
• Maccarone, R.; Di Marco, S.; Bisti, S. (2008), "Saffron Supplement Maintains Morphology and Function after Exposure to Damaging Light in Mammalian Retina", Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science 49 (3): 1254–1261, March 2008, doi:10.1167/iovs.07-0438, PMID 18326756, http://www.iovs.org/cgi/content/abstract/49/3/1254, retrieved 30 September 2011 
• Nair, S. C.; Pannikar, B.; Panikkar, K. R. (1991), "Antitumour Activity of Saffron (Crocus sativus).", Cancer Letters 57 (2), PMID 2025883 
• Rubio-Moraga, A.; Castillo-López, R.; Gómez-Gómez, L.; Ahrazem, O. (2009), "Saffron is a Monomorphic Species as Revealed by RAPD, ISSR and Microsatellite Analyses", BMC Research Notes 2: 189, 23 September 2009, doi:10.1186/1756-0500-2-189, PMC 2758891, PMID 19772674, http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2758891 
• Sharaf-Eldin, M.; Elkholy, S.; Fernández, J. A.; Junge, H.; Cheetham, R.; Guardiola, J.; Weathers, P. (2008), "Bacillus subtilis FZB24 Affects Flower Quantity and Quality of Saffron (Crocus sativus)", Planta Med 74 (10): 1316–1320, August 2008, PMC 18622904, http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=18622904 
• Verma, R. S.; Middha, D. (2010), "Analysis of Saffron (Crocus sativus L. Stigma) Components by LC–MS–MS", Chromatographia 71 (1–2): 117–123, January 2010, doi:10.1365/s10337-009-1398-z, http://www.springerlink.com/content/505282x8x1766nk8/, retrieved 30 September 2011
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